
Class 
Book 



COPYRrCHT DEPOSIT 



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OUR PRESIDENTS, 



. . OR. ... 



THE HISTORY OF 

OUR COUNTRY 

BRIEFLY TOLD. 






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FOR CHILDREN. 

By P'.'^. SNYDER. 



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OUR PRESIDENTS. 



Entered according to Act of Congress in the yei\r 1896,- 

By Plymouth W. Snyder, VX J^O' ft 

In the office of the LiV)rarian of Congress at Washing- 
ton. 



»•, 



PREFACE. 

The iirst step in instructing the youno; is to cret 
them interested. 

Pictures attract and rhymes please l)otli old and 
young: hence we helieve that this little work will he of 
great value to children, as well as an aid to the par- 
ents or teacher. 

Benjamin Harrison, one of the most distinguished 
of "Our Presidents," writing on the suhject, "This 
Country of Ours," in "The Ladies' Home Journal," 
says: "If we would strengthen our country wo should 
cultivate a love of it in our own hearts and in the hearts 
of our children and neighbors; and this love for civil in- 
stitutions, for a land, for a flag — if they are worthy and 
great and have a glorious history — is widened and 
deepened by a fuller knowlede of them." 

Surely our land is great and glorious, our institu- 
tions worthy and our Flag unsullied. Then when 
children and youth can "tell" our presidents from 
Washington down, they will be encouraged to learn 
more fully their country's history. 

These rhymes are not poetry, yet let us remember 
that we ourselves were fed on melodies from "Mother 
Goose" in our tender years. 

Hollidaysburg, Pa., 1896. the author. 

The maps on pages 8 and 12 are from Eggleston's History 
of the United States aid are used by permission of the Ameri- 
can Book Co., of N. Y. 



CONTENTS. 

Pag-e 

The Aborigines, 6 

Landing of Colunil)us, T 

Ma}) showino- first division of the country. 8 

Leading Events from 1000 to 1775, 9 

Settlement of Janiestown, 10 

Landing of the Pilgrims, 11 

Map of the Original Thirteen Colonies, 12 

Leading Events from 1775 to 1789, 13 

The declaration of Independence, 14 

The old Libprty Bell, 15 

George Washington, 16 

John Adams, 18 

Thomas Jeiferson, 20 

eTames Madison, 22 

James Monroe, 24 

John Quincy Adams, 26 

Andrew Jackson, 28 

Martin Van Buren, 30 

William Henry Harrison, 32 

John Tyler, 34 

James K. Polk, * 36 

Zachary Taylor, 38 

Millard Fillmore, 40 

Franklin Pierce, 42 

tlames Buchanan, 44 

Abraham Lincoln, 46 

Andrew Johnston, 48 

Ulysses S. Grant, 50 



OUR PRESIDENTS. 5 

Rutherford B. Hayes, 52 

James A. Garfield, 54 

Chester A. Arthur, 56 

Grover Cleveland, 58 

Benjamin Harrison, 60 

Grover Cleveland's second term. 62 

The Presidential Succession, 63 

The White House. 64 

The Capitol, 65 



OUR PRESIDENTS. 




ABORIGINES. 



Red men for ages, roamed mountain and plain, 



OUR PRESIDENTS. 




LANDING OF COLUMBUS. 



'Till Colnni1)us sailed over in vessels tVoni S[taiii. 



OUR PRB8lDEK«rS. 




DIVISIONS OF THE COUNTRY. 



Soon from ocean to ocean the country was claimed, 
By Spain, France and England in order as named. 



OUR PRESIDENTS. 9 

LEADING EVENTS. 

Prom 1000 to 1775. 

Landing of the Northmen about the year 1000. 
Sailing of Columbus from Palos, Spain, Aug. 3, 1492. 
Discovery and landing of Columbus at San Salvador, Oct. 12, 

1492. 
Discovery of the main continent of America by John Cabot, 

1497. 
Voyage of Ameriga Vespucci to America, 1499. 
Discovery of the Pacific Ocean by Balboa, 1518. 
Discovery of the Mississippi River by De Soto, 1541. 
St. Augustine, Florida, founded, 1565. 
Sir Walter Raleigh landed in America off the coast of North 

Carolina in 1584, and the country was called Virginia. 
Settlement of Jamestown, Va., 1607. 
Hendric Hudson entered New York Bay and explored the 

Hudson River, 1609 
Negro Slavery first introduced into the colonies bv the Dutch, 

1619. ■ 

Pocahontas married to John Rolfe in April, 1613. 
The Pilgrims or Separatists landed at Plymouth Rock from 

The May Flower, 1620. 
The Puritans settled at Salem in 1628. 
Boston settled by the Puritans, 1630. 
Harvard College founded, 1638. 
Pennsylvania settled 1682 by William Penn. 
Yale College founded, 1701. 
Braddock's Defeat, July 9, 1755. 
Stamp Act passei March 8, 1765. 

First Colonial Congress met at New York, Oct. 7, 1765, 
Yankee Doodle written 1768. 

Tea thrown c vt ibcaid in Boston Harbor, Dec. 16, 1773. 
Second Colonial Congress, known as the ''Continental Con- 
gress," met in Carpenter's Hall, Phila. Sept 5, 1774. 
Paul Revere's Ride on the nigljt of April 18, 1775. 
Battle of Concord and Lexington April 19, 1775. 
Second Continental Congress met in Independence Hall, Phila. 

May 10, 1775. 
Battle of Bunker Hill and death of Gen'l. Warren, June 17, 

1775. 
George Washington appointed Commander in Chief of the 

Continental Army, June 15. 1775. 



10 



OUR PRESIDENTS. 




SETTLEMENT OF JAMESTOWN. 



Cavaliers in Virginia named their town for their Ki 



Otm PRKSIDKXT:;. 



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LANDIXO OF THE riLGRIMS. 



The Mav Flower to Plyiiicntli tlx' Pilgrims did l.rin- 



OUR PRB^iIDENTS. 




n/^r-^ 



'^~PU..^^^. 



THE ORIGINAL THIRTEEN COLOOTES. 



The Thirteen Colonies, each with a name. 

For many long years were Great Britians' claim. 



OUR PRESIDENTS. 13 

LEADING EVENTS. 

From 1775 to 1789. 

The British evacuate Boston, March 17, 1776. 

Declaration of Independence adopted i:i Independence Hali, 

Phila., July 4, 1776. 
Execution of Nathan Hale by the British in New York, Sept. 

22, 1776. 
Washington crossed the Delaware, Christmas n^ght, 1776, and 

won the battle of Trenton. 
General Lafovette gave his services to America in the spring 

of 1777. 
First United States flag w&s adopted by Congress, June 14, 1777. 
Surrender of the British under Burgoyne, Oct. 17, 1777. 
Washington establishes his camp at Valley Forge, Dec, 1777. 
Benjamin Franklin secured the alliance of France by treaty 

at" Paris, Feb. 6, 1778. 
British evacuate Philadelphia, June 18, 1778. 
The French Fleet arrives in Narragansett Bay, July 29, 1778. 
Paul Jones' Victory at '-^ea, Aug. 29. 1779. 
Treason of Benedict Arnold, Sept. 22, 1780. 
Execution of Major Andre, Oct 2, 1780. 
Articles of Confederation ratified, 1781. 
Surrender of Lord Cornwallis at Yorktown, Oct. 19, 1781. 
Treaty of Peace signed at Paris, Sept. 3, 1783. 
New York evacuated by the British, Nov. 25, 1783. 
Washington resigns his commission, Dec. 23, 1783. 
The Convention to draft a Constitution for the United States 

of America meets in Philadelphia May 14, 1787, with George 

Washington as President. 
First Congress assembles at New York, March 4, 1789. 
On the first Wednesday in January, 1789, the first election for 

President was held, and George"^ Washington was chosen. 



14 



OUR PRESIDENTS. 




THE DECLARATION OF INDEPEXDENCE. 

But unto England's unjust laws our sires refused alle- 



o-iance 



And July the 4tli, in '76, declared theiu independence. 



OUK I'KK^IDKNTS. 




LIBERTY BELL. 

Tlie old ''Liberty .l>eir* rang out clear on that nioni 
And now Ijan^'s in the hall where our Nation was Ixu'n. 



16 



OUR PRESIDENTS. 




CxEORGE WASHINGTON 

First President. Two terms. 1TS9-1797. 



George Washington, the great and good, with firm and 

careful hand. 
Was first to execute the laws of new born Freedom's 



land. 



OUR PRESIDENTS. 1 < 

GEORGE WASHINGTON, 

I-\Hleralist. 

Of A'irii'inia. Born \n Westmoreland Co., A"a., Feb. 22. 

1732^. 
Died at Mount Vernon, Dec. 14, 1799. 
Inauo'urated, New York, April 30, 1789, and in Pliila- 

deli^hia, March 4, 1793. 

CABINET. 

Secretaries of State — Thomas Jefferson and Edmund Randolf, 
Va., Timothy Pickering', Mass. 

Secretaries of the Treasury — Alexander Hamilton, N.Y.; Ol- 
iver Wolcott, Conn. 

Secretaries of War — Gen. Henry Knox and Timothj' Picker- 
ing, Mass.; James McHenry, Md. 

Attorney Generals — Edmund Randolf, Va.; Timothy Picker- 
ing, Mass.; Joseph Habersham, Ga. 

LEADING EVENTS. 

First Revenue Tariff, 1789. 
First Census taken, 1790. 
First Mint was established, 1792. 
United States Bank established, 1791. 

Payment of nearly $80,000,000 of debt incurred by the Revo- 
lution. 
North Carolina accepted the Constitution, Nov. 21, 1789, 
Rhode Island accepted the Constitution, iMay 29, 1790. 
First Ten Amendments to the Constitution were adopted 1791. 
Vermont, First State admitted to the Union, Feb. 18, 1791. 
Kentucky admitted, June 1, 1792. 
Invention of the Cot'on Gin by Eli Whitney, 1793. 
Whiskey Rebellion in Pennsylvania, 1794. 
Jay's Commercial Treaty with England, 1795. 
Tennessee admitted to the Union, June 1796. 



18 



OUR PRESIDENTS. 




JOHN ADAMS. 

Second Presicleni.. One term. i79o-iS)l. 

John Adams, second president, great orator and advo- 
cate, 

His ''Alien and Sedition'' Laws caused his party sure 
defeat. 



OUR PRESIDENTS. 19 

JOim ADAMS, 

Federalist, 

Of Massachusetts. Born \u Braintree, Miiss., Oct. ID, 

1735. 
Died ill (Juincy, Mass., July 4, 1826. 
Inaugurated in Philadelphia March 4, 1801. 
Vice-President, Thomas Jefferson, Virginia. 

CABINET. 

Secretaries of State— Timothy Pickering, Mass.; John 
Marshall, Va. 

Secretaries of the Treasury— Oliver Wolcott, Ct.; Saml. 
Dexter, Mass. 

Secretaries of War — James McHenry, Md.; John Mar- 
shall, Va.; Samuel Dexter, Mass.; Roger Griswold, 
Ct. 

Secretaries of the Xavy— George Cabot, Mass.; Benj. 

Stoddert, Md. 

Post Master General — Joseph Habersham, Ga. 

Attorney Generals— Charles Lee, Va.; Theophilus Par- 
sons, Mass. 

LEADING EVENTS. 

War with France, at sea. 

Passage of the Alien and Sedition Laws, 1798. 

Death of Washino;ton, Dec. 14, 1799. 

The National Capital moved to Washington, 1800. 

Eleventh Amendment to the Constitution adopted, 

1798. 
Hail Columl)ia written 1798 by Judge Hopkins. 



20 



OUR PPxESIDENTS. 




THOMAS JEFFEESON 



Tliird president. Two terms, 1S01-1S09. 



Thomas Jetterson, great 'mongst the greatest of men. 
The famed Declaration we got from his pen. 



OUR PRESIDENTS. 21 



'THOMAS JEFFERSON, 

Of Viro;iina. Born in Shadwell, Viu, April 2, 1743. 
Died in Monticello, Va., July 4, 1826. 
Vice presidents, first term, Aaron Burr, of N. Y.; sec- 
ond term; George Clinton, N. Y. 
Inauo-urated March 4, 1801, and March 4, 1805. 



CABINET. 

Secretary of State— James Madison, Va. 

Secretaries of the Treasury— Albert Gallatin; of Penna.; Sam- 
uel Dexter, Mass. 

Secretary of War— Henry Dearborn, Mass. 

Secretaries of the Navy— Benj. Stoddert, Md.; Robt. Smith; 
Md.: Jacob Crowninshield. Mass. 

Post Master Generals— Jos. Habersham, Ga.; Gideon Granger, 
Ct. 

Attorney Generals— Levi Lincoln, Mass.; Robt. Smith, Md.; 
John Breckenridge, Ky.; Caesar A. Rodney, Del. 



LEADING EVENTS. 

War with Tripoli. 

Purchase of Louisiana, 1803, from Napoleon, first Con- 
sul, for $15,000,000. 

Alexander Hamilton killed hj^ Aaron Burr in a duel. 
1804. 

First steamboat, The Clermont, invented and built hy 
Robt. Fulton. Sailed on the Hudson from New 
York to Albany, 1807. 

Aaron Burr tried for treason, 1807. 

Importation of slaves forbidden, 1807. 

Ohio was admitted to the Union, 1802. 



-?-7 



cm PR"E?5IDENTS. 



% 




JAMES MADISON. 

Fourth president. Two terms, 1809-1S17. 



James Madison served thro' tlie war Eighteen-twelve, 
.>ul)duL'd irreat Tecuriiseh and Alirier as well. 



OUR PIIKSI DENTS. 2") 

JAMES MADISOX, 

Of Virginia. Born in Port Conway, Va., March l<i. 
1751/ 

Died in Monti»elier, Va., June 28, 1833. 

Inaugurated March 4, 1809, and March 4, 1813. 

Vice presidents, first term, George Clinton, X. \ .\ sec- 
ond term, Elbridge Gerry, Mass. 

CABINET. 

Secretaries of State— Robt. Smith, Md.; James Men roe, Va, 

Secretaries of the Treasury — Albert Gallatin, Penna.; Geo. W. 
Campbell, Tenn.; Alex. J. Dallas, Penna.; William H. Craw- 
ford, Ga. 

Secretaries of \Yi\r — William p]ustis, Mass.; John Arm troiig, 
N. Y. ; James Monroe; V;i.; William H. Crawford, Ga. 

Secretaries of the Navj- — Paul Hamilton, S. C; William Jones, 
Penna.; H. VV. Crowninshield, Mass. 

Post Matter Generals-Gideon Granger, Ct.; Return J. Meigc^, O. 

Attorney Generals — Csesar A. Rodney, Del.; William Pinkney, 
Md.; Richard Rush, Penna. 

LEADING EVENTS. 

Tecumseh's Conspirac}', 1811. 

Oregon settled in 1811. 

War with England declared June 19, 1812. 

Perry's Victory on Lake Erie, Sept. 10, 1813. 

Capitol and White House burned by the Eno-lish, Auir. 

24, 1814. 
Star Spangled Banner written by Francis Scott Kev, 

Sept. 14, 1814. 
Treaty of Peace signed at Ghent, Belgium, Dae. 24. 1814. 
Jackson's Victory at New Orleans, Jan. 8, 1815. 
War with Algiers, March, 1815. 
Louisiana admitted to the Union, 1812. 
Indiana admitted to the Union, 1814. 



v/ 



24 



OUR PRESIDENTS. 




JAMES MONROE. 

Fifth president. Two terms, 1S17-1S2-.. 



James Monroe, the i>;reat doctrine which now bears his 

name. 
To the world and all powers, did boldly proclaim. 



OUR PRESIDENTS. 25 



JAMES MONROE, 

Of Viro;inia, Born in Westmoreland Co., Viro'iuia, 

.Apnr28, 1759. 
Died in New York city July 4, 1831. 
Inaugurated March 4, 1817 and March 4, 1821. 
Vice-President Daniel D. Tompkins of New York. 



CABINET. 

Secretary of State — John Quincy Adams of Mass. 
Secretary of the Treasury— Wm. H. Crawford, of Ga. 
Secretaries of War— Isaac Shelby, Ivy.; Geo. Graham. 

Va.; Jno. C. Calhoun, S. C. 
Secretaries of the Navy— II. W. Crowninshield, Mass.: 

Smith Thompson, N. Y.; Saml. L. Southard, N. J. 
Post Master Generals — Return J. Meigs, Jr., Ohio: 

Jno. McLean, Ohio. 
Attorney Generals— Richard Rush, Penna.; William 

Wirt, Va. 



LEADING EVENTS. 

First Seminole War. 

Purchase of Florida from Spain for §5,000,000. 
Missouri Compromise passed 1820. 
Building the Great National Road to the West (Ohio.) 
Monroe Doctrine, message to Congress, Dec. 2, 1823 
Visit of Lafayette, 1824. 

Mississippi admitted to the Union 1817, Illinois 1818, 
Alabama 1819, Maine 1820, Missouri 1821. 



2(3 



OUR PRESIDENTS 




JOHN QULXCY ADAMS. 

Sixtli preslflent. One term, l-'-2o-l'^29. 



John (^uincy Adams, the scholar and statesman dis- 
creet, 

Xot elected at the polls, the States in Congress gave 
his seat. 



OUR PRESI DENTS. 27 



JOIiX QUINCY ADAMS, 

Of Massachusetts Born in Braintree, Mass., July 11. 

1767. 
Died in Washington, D. C., Feh. 2^, 1848. 
Inauo;anited March 4, 1825. 
Vice' President, John C. Calhoun, of South Carolina. 



CABINET. 

Secretary of State—Henry Clay, Ky. 
Secretary of the Treasury— Richard Rush, Pa. 
Secretaries of War— James Barhour, Va., Peter B. 

Porter, N. Y. 
Secretary of the Navy— Saml. I^. Southard, N. J. 
Post Master General— John McLean, Ohio. 
Attorney General— William Wirt, Ya. 



LEADING EVENTS. 

Completion of the Erie Canal fi'om Alhany to Buffalo 
in 1825. 

Ground hroken hy Rohert Carroll for the first passen- 
ger railroad in America, 1828. 

First American locomotive huilt by Peter Cooper, 1830. 

Temperance Reform agitates the country. 



28 



OUR PRESIDENTS. 




/ANDREW JACKSON. 

iSeveiUli president. Two terms, 1S29-1S3T. 



Andrew Jackson, the soldier who rose to high rank, 
Snppressed state rebellion and the United States Bank. 



OUR PRESIDENTS. 



29 



ANDREW JACKSON, 

Democrat. 

Of Tennessee. Born in Waxhaw Settlement, N(M-th 

Carolina, March 15, 1767. 
Died at the Hermitage, near Nashville, iennessee, 

June 8, 1845. 
Inauo'urated March 4, 1829, and March 4, 1833. 
Vice'^Presidents— 1st term, John C. Calhoun, ot South 

Carolina 2d term, Martin Van Buren, of N. York. 

CABINET. 

SecretPcHes of Stare-Martm Van Buren, N. Y.; Edward Liv- 
ingston, La., Louis McLme, Dal.; John i^orsyth, Ga. _ 

Secretaries of the Treasury-Samuel D. Ingam Pa., Louis Mc- 
Lane, Del.; William J. Duane, Pa.; Roger B. Tane, , M-L, 
Levi Woodbury, N. R. . 

Secretaries of War-John H. Eaton, Tenn.; Lewis Cass. Ohio; 
Beniamin F. Butler, N. Y. , ^t /^ t • w^^.i 

Secretaries of the Navy-John Branch, N. C.;Levi Wood- 
bury, N. H.; Mahlon Diekerson, N. J. 

Post Master Generals-William T. Barry, Ky.; Amos Ken- 

AUorri?y^Generals-Jno. McP. Berrien, Ga.; Roger B. Taney, 
Md.; Eenj. F. Butler, N. Y. 

LEADING EVENTS. 

Black Hawk war, 1832. 

Second Seminole war, 1835. 

U. S. Bank suppressed, 1832. 

Beginnino; of anti-slavery movement. . ' 

Jno. C. Calhoun's nullification theories and resistance 

to government by South Carolina. 
The settlement at Fort Dearborn named Chicago, 18do. 
Arkansas admitted to the Union in 1836 and Michigan 

in 1837. 



30 



OUR PRESIDENTS 




MAETIN VAN BUREN 

Eifflitli President. One term, 1S37-1S41. 



Martin Van Buren one term kept in view, 
And then was defeated by "Tippecanoe." 



OUR PRESIDENTS. 81 

MARTIN VAN BUREN, 

Demccrat. 

Of New York. Born at Kinderhook, New York, Dec. 

5, 1782. 
Died at Kinderhook, New York, July 24, 1862. 
Inaugurated March 4, 1837. 
Vice President, Richard M. Johnson, of Kentucky. 

• 

CABINET. 

Secretary of State — John Forsyth, Georgia. 

Secretarj^ of the Treasury — Levi Woodherry, New 
Hampshire. 

Secretary of War — Joel R. Poinsett, South Carolina. 

Secretaries of the Navy — Mahlon Dickerson, New Jer- 
sey; James K. Paulding, New York. 

Post Master Generals — Amos Kendall, Kentucky; John 
M. Niles, Connecticut. 

Attorney Generals — Benjamin F. Butler, N. York; Fe- 
lix Grundj^, Tenn.; Henry D. Gilpin, Penna. 

LEADING EVENTS. 

Business failures and most distressing financial panic — 

1837. 
U. S. Treasury and Sub Treasury established. 
Rise of the Mormons and settlement in Nauvoo, 111. 
First English steamships arrived at New York — 1838. 
First regular line of steamships was established between 

Liverpool and Boston in 1840 l)y Sir Saml. Cunard. 
Tide of emigration sets in from Europe. 



82 



OUR PRESIDENT^ 




WILLIAM HENRY HABRISON, 

Ninth president. Teim, 1 month. March 4, 1S41. 



Harrison, famous in Indian warfare, 

Was the first of our presidents to die in the chair 



OUR PRESIDENTS. 88 



WILLIAM HENRY HARRISON, 

Of Ohio. Bom in Berkeley, Va., Fel). 9, 1773. 
Died in Washington, D. C, April 4, 184L 
Inaugurated March 4, 1841. 
V^ice President, John Tyler, of Virginia. 

CABINET. 

Secretary of State — Daniel Webster, Massachusett. 
Secretary of the Treasury — Thomas Ewing, Ohio. 
Secretary of War — John Bell, Tennessee. 
Secretary of the Navy — George E. Badger, North Car 

olina. 
Post Master General — Francis Granger, New York. 
Attorney General — John J. Crittendon, Kentucky. 



34 



OUR PRESIDENTS. 




JOHN TYLEE. 



Tentli president. Term, 3 years and il montlis 1S41-1S45. 



John Tyler succeeds by lawful excuse, 
Disappoints party friends and receiv^es much abuse. 



OUR PRESIDENTS. 35 

JOH¥ TYLER, 

Democrat, 

Of Viro'inia. Born in Charles City Co., Virginia, 

March 29th, 1790. 
Died in Richmond, Virginia, Jan. 17, 1862. 
Inaugnrated April 4, 1841. 

CABINET. 

Secretaries of State— Daniel Webster, Massachusetts; Hugh S. 

Lejrare, South Carolina; Abel P. Upshur, Virginia; John C. 

Calhoun, South Carolina. 
Secretaries of the Treasury— Thomas Ewing, Ohio; Walter 

Forward, Pennsylvania; John C, Spencer, New York; Geo. 

M. Bibb, Kentucky. 
Secretaries of War— John Bell, Tennessee; Jno McLean, Ohio. 

Jno. C.'Sp?ncer, New York; Jas. M. Porter, Pennsylvania; 

William Wilkins Pennsylvania. 
Secretaries of the Navy— Geo. E. Badger, North Carolina; 

Abel P. Upshur, Virginia; David Henshaw, Massachusetts; 

Thomas W. Gilmer, Virginia; Jno. Y. Mason, Virginia. 
Post Master Generals— Francis Granger, New York; Chas. A. 

Wickliffe, Kentucky. 
Attorney Generals— John J. Crittenden, Kentucky; Hugh S. 

Legare; South Carolina; Jno. Nelson, Md. 

LEADING EVENTS. 

First visit of Charles Dickens to this country — June, 
1842. 

Ashburton Treaty made in 1842; settling the disputed 
boundary between Maine and Canada. 

The Electric Telegraph invented. First message was 
successfully transmitted from Washington to Balti- 
more by Prof Morse, the inventor. 

Texas annexed and admitted to the Union in 1845. 



86 



OUR PRESIDENTS. 




€-=:>^' 



Wf 



JAMES K. POLK. 



Meveutli president. Ui.e fe'rai, 1S46-1S49. 



Jarir^s K. Polk now conies forward in history's car 
And the drums beat to arms for the Mexican war. 



OUR PRESIDENTS. 37 



JAMES K. POLK, 

Democrat, 

Of Tennessee. Born in Mecklenburg Co., N. C, Nov. 

2, 1795. 
Died in Nashville, Tenn., June 15, 1849. 
I nan o'u rated March 4, 1845. 
Vice-President, George M. Dallas, of Penna. 



CABINET. 



iss. 



Secretary of State— James Buchanan, Penn. 

secretary of the Treasury— Robert J. Walker, Md 

>ecretary of War— William L. Marcy, N. Y. 

Secretaries of the Navy— Geo. Bancroft, Mass.; John 
Y. Mason, Ya. 

Post Master General — Cave Johnson, Tenn. 

Attorney Generals— John Y. Mason, Ya.; Nathan Clif- 
ford, Me.; Isaac Toucey, Ct. 



LEADING EYENTS. 

Acquisition of the territory of Oregon. 

The Mexican War, 1846-1848. 

Peace with Mexico and the territories of California and 

New Mexico added to our possessions. 
Discovery of gold in California, 1848. 
Wisconsin admitted to the Union in 1848. 



88 



OUR PRESIDENTS. 




ZAOHAEY TAYLOR. 

Twelfth president. Term, 1 year and 4 months, March 5, 1S49 to July 9, 

1S5U. 



Zachary Taylor was chosen as a "Whig of old line." 
Though his sad death preceded his party's decline. 



OUR PRESIDENTS. 39 



ZAOHARY TAYLOR. 



Of Virginia. l)orn in Omno^o Co., Va., Sept. 24, 1784. 
Died in Washington; D. C.,^July 9, 1850. 
Inaugurated March 5, 1849. 
Vice-President, Millard Fillmore, of N. Y. 



CABINET. 

Secretary of State — Jno. M. Clayton, Del. 

Secretary of the Treasury — William M. Meredith, Pa. 

Secretaries of War — Geo. W. Crawford, Ga.; Edward 

Bates, Mo. 
Secretary of the Interior — ^Thomas Ewing, Ohio. 
Secretary of the Navy — William B. Preston, Va. 
Post Master General — Jacoh CoUamer, N. 1' . 
Attorney General — Reverdy Johnson, Md. 



LEADING EVENTS. 

Great agitation over the slavery question. 
In Congress, Clay, Wehster and Calhoun lead in de- 
bates on Compromise and The P'ugitive Slave Law. 
Death of the President July 9, 18.^0. 



40 



OUR PRESIDENTS. 




MILLARD PILLMORE, 

Tlurteeiitli president. Term, 2 \eiirs and 8 montlis, July 10, 1850. to Marcli 

1, 1853. 



Millard Fillmore presides as thirteenth in the line. 
While slave laws stir the nation — most ominous sign. 



OUR PRESIDENTS. 41 

MILLARD FILLMORE, 

Of New York. Born in Locke, Cayuga Co., N". Y. 

Jan. 7, 1800. 
Died in Buffalo, K. Y., March 8, 1874. 
Inanguratecl July 10, 1850. 

CABINET. 

Secretaries of State — Daniel Webster and Edward Ev- 
erett, Mass. 

Secretary of the Treasury — Thos. Corwin, Ohio. 

Secretary of War — ^Charles M. Conrad, La. 

Secretaries of the Interior — Jas. A. Pearce, Md.; Thos. 
M. T. McKernon, Penna.; Alex. II. H. Stuart, Va. 

Secretaries of the Navy — William A. Graham, N. C; 
John P. Kennedy, Md. 

Post Master Generals — Nathan K. Hall, N. Y.; Samuel 
D. Hubbard, Ct. 

Attorney General — John J. Crittenden, Ky. 



LEADING EVENTS. 

Passage of the Fugitive Slave Law, 1850. 

Visit of Kossuth to this country, Dec, 1851. 

Uncle Tom's Cabin published. 

Ominous forbodings — grave situation of the country. 

Death in 1852 of the intellectual giants. Clay, Webster 

and Calhoun. 
California admitted to the Union in 1850. 



42 



OUR PRESIDENTS. 




FRANKLIN PIERCE. 

Fourteeutli president. One term. lS53-lSo7. 

Franklin Pierce, with many electors to spare, 

Beat the brave General Scott in the race for the chair 



OUR PRESIDENTS. 48 

I'RAKLIN PIERCE, 

Deinocr.it, 

Of New Hainpslnro. Born in Hillborongh, N. IL, 

Nov. 28, 1824. 
Died in C^oneonl, N. H., Oct. 8, 1869. 
Inano'u rated March 4, 1853. 
Vice' President, William R. King, Alabama. 



CABINET. 

Secretary of State— William L. Marcy, N. Y. 
Secretary of the Treasury— James Guthrie, Ky. 
Secretary of War— J cite rs on Davis, Miss. 
Secretary of the Interior— Robt. McClelland, Mich. 
Secretary of the Navy— James C. Dobbin, N. 0. 
Post Ma'ster General— James Campbell, Pa. 
Attorney General— Caleb Gushing, Mass. 



LEADING EVENTS. 

Boundary finally established between the United States 
and Mexico and disputed territory bought from Mex- 
ico for $10,000,000. 

Invention of the grain reaper l)y Cyrus McCormick. 

The World's Fair at New York City, I8o3. 

Ports of Japan opened to our trade by Commodore 
Perry, 1854. 

Passaire of the Kansas-Nebraska Act. 



44 



OUR PRESIDENTS. 




JAMES BUCHANAN, 

Fifteentli president. One term, 1S57-1S61. 



James Buchanan though loj^al, too weak was by far, 
For the South in his tenure made ready for war. 



OUR PRESIDENTS. 45 

JAMES BUCHANAN, 

Dcmoerar. 

Of Pennsvlvania. Born in Stony Batter, Franklin Co., 

Penna.^, April 22, 1791. 
Died in Lancaster, Penna., June 1, 1868. 
Inaugurated March 4, 1857. 
Vice President, John C. Breckenridge, Lexington, Ky. 

CABINET. 

Secretaries of State — Lewis Cass, Mich.; Jere. S. Black, Pa. 
Secretaries of the Treasury — Howell Cobb, Ga., Philip F. 

IhoniiiS, McL; John A. Dix, N, Y. 
Secretaries of War— Jno. B. Floj^d, Va.; Joseph Holt, Ky. 
Secretary of the Interior — Jacr b Thompson, Miss. 
Secretay of the Navy — Isaac Toucey, Ot. 
Post Master Generals — Aaron V. Brown, Tenn.; Jos. Holt, 

Ky., Horatio King, Me. 
Attorney Generals— Jere. S. B\ack, Pa.; Edwin M.Stanton, O. 

LEADING EVENTS. 

Dred Scott Decision by Supreme Court. Sectional feeling in- 
tensified in th^ North and South thereby. 

Distressing Business Pariic of 1857. 

Silver discovered in Colorado and Nevada, and petroleum and 
natural gas in Pennsylvania. 

Raid of John Brown at Harper's Ferry and his execution at 
Charlestown, Va., Dec. 2., 1859. 

First Atlantic cable laid by Cyrus Field and messages success- 
fully sent between President Buchanan and Queen Victoria. 

Election of Abraham Lincoln. 

Garrison Flag lowered at Fort Moultrie, Dec, 1860. 

Minnesota admitted to the Union, 1858, Oregon in 1859 and 
Kansas, 1861. 

United States steamer Star of the West fired on in Charleston 
Harbor, Jan. 9, 1861. 

Secession of South Carolina, Georgia, Mississippi, Florida, 
Alabama, Louisiana and Texas. 

Formation of the Southern Confederacy at Montgomery, Ala- 
bama, with Jefferson Davis as president, Feb. 4, 1861. 



46 



OUR PRESIDENTS. 




ABRAHAM LINCOLN, 



Sixteenth president. Term. 4 years, l month .ind 10 d; 
April 14, 1865. 



^:arrh 4. iS6l, 



Martyred Abraham Lincoln transmits a great name, 
Subdued armed rebellion; broke slavery's chain. 



OUR PRESIDENTS. 47 

ABRAHAM LINCOLN, 

Kepubllcan, 

Of Illinois. Born in Hardin Co., Ky., Feb. 2, 1809. 
Died in Washington, D. C, April 15, 1865. 
Inaugurated March 4, 1861, and March 4, 1865. 
Vice Presidents, iirst term, Hannibal Hamlin, Me. Sec- 
ond term, Andrew Johnston, Tenn. 

CABINET. 

Secretary of State — William H. Seward, N. Y. 

Secretaries of the Treasury — Salmon P. Chase, Ohio; William 
P. Fessendeii, Me.; Hugh McCullough, Ind. 

Secretaries of War— Simon Cameron, Penna. ; Edwin M. Stan- 
ton, Ohio. 

Secretaries of the Interior — Caleb B. Smith, Ind.; Jno. P. Ush- 
er, Ind. 

Secretary of the Navy — Gideon Wells, Ct. 

Post Master Generals — Montgomery Blair, Md.; William Den- 
niston, Ohio. 

Attorney Generals— Ed. Bates, Mo.; Titian J. Coffey; Penna., 
(ad. in.) Jas. Speed, Ky, 

LEADING EVENTS. 

Fort Sumpter fired on, April 12, 1861. 

Civil War between the states. 

Virginia, North Carolina, Tennessee and Arkansas secede 

from the Union. 
Confederate Capital established at Richmond, Va., July 20, 

1861. 
Invention of the monitor by John Erricson. 
President Lincoln issues the Emancipation Proclamation, Jan. 

1, 1863. 
Battle of Gettvsburg fought, July 1-3, 1863. 
Draft Riots in New York City, 1863. 
Grant made Lieutenant General, March 3d, 1864. 
Unconditional Surrender of General Lee at Appomattox, 

April 9, 1865, 
Assassination of President Lincoln, April 14, 1865. 
West Virginia admitted to the Union 1863; Nebraska 1864. 



48 



OUR PRESIDENTS. 




ANDEEW JOHNSTON. 

Seventeenth president. Term, 3 yeiirs, 10 montlis and 16 dajs. April i: 

1S65, Maj-Cll 4tll, 1869. 



Andrew Johnston is called, by assassin's red hand, 
'Midst grief most profound, in this war stricken land. 



OUR PRESIDENTS. 49 

AXDREW JOHNSTON, 

i;epi!l)li ■an. 

Of Tennessee. Born in Rulcigh, N. C, Dec. 29, 1808. 
Died in Greenville, N. C, Jnly 31, 1875. 
Inaugurated April 15, 1865. 

CABINET. 

Secretary of State — William H. Seward, N. Y. 
Secretary of the Treasury — Hugh McOulloch, Ind. 
Secretaries of War — Edwin M. Stanton, Ohio, U. S. 

Grant & Lor. Thomas (ad. in.) Jno. M. Scholield,N. Y. 
Secretaries of the Interior — John P. Usher, Ind.; Jas. 

Harlan, Iowa.; Orville II. Browning, 111. 
Secretary of the Navy — Gideon Welles, Ct. 
Post Master Generals — VVm. Denniston, Ohio; Alex. W. 

Randall, Wis. 
Attorney Generals — Jas. Speed, Ky.; Henry Stanberry, 

Ohio; William M. Evarts, N. Y. 

LEADING EVENTS. 

Review of the Grand Armies of the Republic at Wash- 
ington May 23-24, 1865. 

Surrender of last Confederate force, May 26, 1865. 

General amnesty declared. May 29, 1865. 

13th, 14th and 15th amendments to The Constitution 
ratified. 

Impeachment of the President tried in Congress. 

Six of the Confederate States re-admitted to the Union. 

Atlantic Cable laid, 1866. 

Purchase of Alaska from Russia for $7,000,000 author- 
ized by Congress. 



50- 



OUR PRESIDENTS'. 




ULYSSES S, GRANT. 

Eighteentli President. Two terms, 1S(19-1ST7. 



U, S. Grant, greatest soldier, and most silent of men^ 
Saw the union of States made perfect again. 



OUR PRESIDENTSL 51 

ULYSSES S. GRANT, 

Republican, 

Of Illinois. ]^()rii in Point Pleasant, Ohio, A])ril 27, 

1822. 
Died at Mt McGregor, N. Y., July 23, 1885. 
Inaugurated March 4, 1869, and March 4, 1877. 
Vice President, First term, Schuyler Colfax, of New 

York; second term, Henry Wilson, N. H. 

CABINET. 

Secretaries of State — Elihu B. Washburn, 111.; Ham. Fish, N. Y. 

Secretaries of the Treasury — Geo. S, Boutwell and Wni. A. 
Richardson, Mass.; Benj. H. Bristow, Ky.; Lot M. Morrill, 
Me. 

Secretaries of War— John A. Rawlins, 111.; Wm. T. Sherman, 
Ohio; VJm. W. Belknap, la.; Alphonso Taft, Ohio; J. Don. 
Cameron, Penna. 

Secretaries of the Interior — Jacob D. Cox, Ohio; Columbus De- 
lano, Ohio; Zach. Chandler, Mich. 

Secretaries of he Navy— Adolph E. Borie, Penna.; Geo. M. 
Robeson, N. J. 

Post Master Generals — Jno. A. J. Creswell, Md. ; Jas. W. Mar- 
shall, Va.; Marshall Jewell, Ct.; Jas. M. Tyner, Ind. 

Attorney Generals— Ebenezer R. Koar, Mass.; Amos T. Ack- 
erinan, Ga.; Geo. H. Williams, Ore.; Edwards Pierrepont; 
N. Y.; Alphonso Taft, Ohio. 

LEADING EVENTS. 

Union Pacific Railroad completed, 1869. 

Last of Confederate States re-admitted to the Union, 1870. 

Weather Bur»^au established. 

Fifteenth Amendment to the Constitution ratified by the 

States, 1870. 
Great Fire in Chicago, Oct., 1871. 
Settlement of the Alabama claims. 
Centennial Exhibition, World's Fair, at Phila., 1876. 
Electric light and telephone invented. 
Congress passes the Electoral Commission Act. 
Colorado admitted, 1876. 



52 



OUR PRESIDENTS. 




<^< ^'^ ' 



RUTHERFORD B, HAYES, 

Nineteenth PresiclenT. one term. 1S77-1SS1. 



R. B. Hayes by Electoral Commission installed, 
Resumed specie payments — troops from the South were 
recalled. 



OUR PRESIDENTS. 53 



RUTHERFORD B. HAYES, 

JIt-piiblican, 

Of Oliio. Born in Delaware, Ohio, Oct. 4, 1822, 

Died in Fremont, Ohio, 1893. 

Inaugurate'] March 4, 1877. 

Vice President, William A. Wheeler, N. Y. 



CABINET. 

Secretary of State— Wm. M. Evarts, X. Y. 

Secretary of the Treasury — John Sherman, Ohio. 

Secretaries of War — Geo. W. McCrary, la., Alexander 
Ramsey, Minn. 

Secretary of the Interior — Carl Schurz, Mo. 

Secretaries of the Navv — Richard W. Thompson, Ind., 
Nathan Goff, Jr„ W. Va. 

Post Master Generals — David McK. Key, Tenn.; Hor- 
ace Maynard, Tenn. 

Attorney General — Chas. Devens, Mass. 



LEADING EVENTS. 

United States troops all withdrawn from the South. 
Coining of silvi r dollars; silver remonetised, 1878. 
Resumption of specie payment, Jan. 1, 1879. 
Eads' Jetties constructed at the mouth of the Mississip- 
pi River, 1879. 
Treaty with China, 1880. 



4o 



OUR PRESIDENTS. 




JAMES A, GARFIELD. 

rwentietU Presidenl;. Term. (■^.• mouths, March 4, is^i, Sep. ly, l.ssL 



Jaiues A. Garfield now comes to rlie great Cliair of 

• State, 
BiU a murderer's 1>ullet concludes his sad iat^- 



OUR PRESIDENTS. 00 



JAMES A. GARFELD, 

Kepublioan, 

OfOljii). J)()rii ill Orange, Ohio, Nov. 19, 1821. 
Died at Elberoii, X. J., Sept. 19, 1881. 
Inaugurated March 4, 1881. 
Vice President, Chester A. Arthur, X. Y. 



CABINET. 

Secretary of State — James G. Blaine, Me. 
Secretary of the Treasury — William Windoni, Minn. 
Secretary of War — Robert T. Lincoln, 111. 
Secretary of the Interior — Samuel J. Kii kwood, la. 
Secretary of the Navy — William H. Hunt, La. 
Post Master General — Thomas L. James, N. Y. 
Attorney General — Wayne MacVeagh, Penna. 



LEADING EVENTS. 

Much feeling aiiK^ng partAWt'aders on account of politi- 
cal a|)pointments. 

Assassination of tlie President at Washiiiu'ton. Juh' 2, 
1881. 

Death of the President, S('p. 19, 1S81. 



o(:i 



OUR PRESIDENTS. 




CHESTER A. ARTHUE, , 

Tweuty-tirst President. Term, 3 years o'^ months, Sep. 20 ISSL .March 4, 1SS5.. 



Chester A. Arthur the mantel receives from the slain. 
Fills the office with credit and leaves a o'ood name. 



OUR PRESIDENTS. 57 



CHESTER A. ARTHUR, 

Kepublican, 

Of New York. Born in Fairfield, Vt., Oct. 5, 1830. 
Died in New York city, Nov. 18, 1886. 
Inaugurated Sept. 20, 1881. 



CABINET. 

Secretary of State— F. T. Frelinghuysen, N. J. 

Secretaries of the Treasury — Charles J. Folger, N. Y.^ 
Walter Q. Gresham and Hugh McCulloch, Ind. 

Secretary of War — -Robert T. Lincoln, 111. 

Secretary of the Interior — Henry M. Teller, Ohio. 

Secretary of the Navy— William E. Chandler, N. II. 

Post Master Generals — Timothy 0. Howe, Wis., Wal- 
ter Q. Gresham, Ind.; Frank Hatton, la. 

Attorney General — Benj. H. Brewster, Penna. 



LEADING EVENTS. 

Roebling's great work, the East River bridge, N. Y., 

completed, 1883. 
Trial, conviction and execution of the assassin, Guiteau. 
Civil Service Act passed and Commissioners appointed. 
Rate of letter postaged reduced from 3 cents to 2 cents. 
Great Cotton Exposition held at New Orleans, 1884. 
General prosperity. North and South. 



OlR PRESIDENTS. 




CtROVEU CLEVELAND, 

TAveutv-second President. One term, 1S85-1SS9, 



Grover Cleveland's election filled his party with plea.- 

are. 
Advanced Civil service and a new taritt' measure. 



OUR PRESIDENTS. f)\) 

GROVER CLEVELAND, 

Democrat. 

Of New York. Born in Caldwell, N. J., March IS, 1837. 

Inaugurated March 4, 1885. 

Vice President, Thomas A. Hendricks, Ind. 

CABINET. 

Secretary of State— Thos. F. Bayard, Del. 

Secretaries of the Treasury — Daniel Churning and Chas. 

S. Fairchild, N. Y. 
Secretary of War— Wni. C. Endicot, Mass. 
Secretaries of the Interior — Lucius Q. C. Lamar, Miss.; 

Wm. F. Vilas, Wis. 
Secretary of the Navy— Wm. C. Whitney, N. Y. 
Secretary of Agriculture — Norman J. Colman, Mo. 
Post Master Generals— Wm. F.Vilas, Wis.; Don M. 

Dickinson, Mich. 
Attorney General — Augustus H. Garland, Ark. 

LEADING EVENTS. 

Death of the Vice President, 1885. 

Presidental Succession Act passed by Congress, 188(j. 

Progress of Civil Service Reform. 

Anarchist Riots in Chicago; trial and execution of the 

leading Anarchists. 
Inter-state Commerce Act passed and the Commission 

appointed. 
Great Tariff agitation and the Wilson Bill jjassed by 

the House. 
New cabinet office. Secretary of Agriculture established. 
Act of Congress to regulate the counting of the Elector-. 

al Vote passed. 



60 



OUR PRESIDENTS. 




BENJAMIN HARRISON, 

Twenty-tliird President. One term, 18S9-1S93. 



Benjamin Harrison's term p'romotes his fair name, 
Good times and great progress he fairly can claim. 



OUR PRESIDENTS. 61 

BENJAMIN HARRISON, 

Republican, 

Of Indiana. Born in North Bend, Ohio, Aug. 20, 1833. 
Inaugurated March 4, 1889. 
Vice-President, Levi P. Morton, of N. Y. 

CABINET. 

Secretaries of State — James G. Blaine, Me.; John W. 

Foster Ind. 
Secretaries of the Treasury — William Windom, Minn.; 

Chas. Foster, Ohio. 
Secretaries of War — Redfield Proctor, Vt.; Stephen B. 

Elkins, W. Va. 
Secretary of the Interior — John W. Noble, Mo. 
Secretary of the Navy — Benj. F. Tracy, N. Y. 
Secretary of Agriculture — Jeremiah M. Rusk, Wis. 
Post Master General — John Wanamaker, Penna. 
Attorney General — William H. H. Miller, Ind. 

LEADING EVENTS. 

Opening of Oklahoma to settlers, 1889. 

Commercial use of electricity; motors, street cars, etc. cr 

The Pan-American Congress held. 

Building of the new United States Navy begun. 

Celebration of the 400th Anniversary of the Discovery 

of A merica. 
The McKinley Tariff Act with Blaine's reciprocity 

clause passed. 
North and South Dakota, Montana and Washington 

admitted to the Union, 1889; Idaho and Wyoming, 

1890. 



62 OUR PRESIDENTS. 

GROVER CLEVELAND, 

Democrat, N. Y,. Twenty -fourth President. One term, 1S9S-1S9T. 

Inaugurated March 4, 1893. 

Vice President, Adlai Stevenson, Ind. 

Grover Cleveland again the great office receives. 
With honesty urg^s the views he l)elieves. 

CABINET. 

Secretaries of State — Walter Q. Gresham. 111., Richard Olney, 
Mass. 

Secretary of the "treasury — John G. Carlisle, Ky. 

Secretary of \\';'.r — Daniel S. Lamont. N, Y. 

Secretary fa^_tK|phiterior — Hoke Smith, Ga. 

Secretary - 1 LwNavy— Hilary A. Ht^ibtrt. Ah», 

Secretary of Ajiri.alfcure — J. Sterlii u IMoitm;, Neb. 

Post Ma'rer Gt^n.Tals— Wi son S. Bissc^il. N. Y.; Wm. M. Wil- 
son, W. Vji. 

Attorn* Y Geuerals — Richard Olnev, Mc.ss.; Judson Harmon, 
Ohio. ' 

LEADING EVENTS. 

Colunibian Exposition and World's Fair held in Chi- 
cago, 1893. 

Repeal ot the McKinley Bill and |)assage of a tariff act; 
general reduction in duties. 

Distressing business panic, 1894. 

Monroe Doctrine revived by message to Congress on 
the Venezuela boundary question. 

Prompt action by both Houses of Congress in support 
of the President. 

Utah admitted to the Union, 1896. 

Cuban patriots fighting for liberty in Cuba. 

Resolutions favorable to the Cuban patriots passed by 
both Houses of Congress. 



OUR PRESIDENTS. 63 

TPIE PRESIDENTIAL SUCCESSION. 

In case of the removal, death, resignation or ina- 
bility of both the President and Vice President, then 
the Secretary of State shall act until the disability of 
the President and Vice President shall be removed or 
a President elected. 

If there be no Secoetary of State, the Secretary ot 
the Treasury will act and the order of succession is 
Secretary of War, Attorney General, Post Master Gen- 
eral, Secretary of the Navy and the Secretary of the In- 
terior, 'j.. 

If Congress is not in session, then the acting Pres- 
ident must call an extraordinary session within twenty 
days. 

The act applies to cabinet officers who have been 
appointed with the advice and consent of the Senate 
and are eligible under the Constitution to the Presi- 
dency. 



64 OUR PRESIDENT^ 



i^ 



3 ^ .#* if '■""■■ 



■ « a . I II r 



i if 






^ ' J 



^ 



EXECUTIVE MAXSIOX. 

Built of Virginia sand stone. Corner stone laid 
by Washington Oct. 13, 1792. First occupied b}^ John 
Adams, 1800. Burned by British, 1814. Rebuilt and 
painted white. Occupied as a residence and official 
seat by all of "Our Presidents." 



To this beautiful home where our presidents live, 
Historic old mansion the name White House we o;ive. 



OUR PRESIDENTS. 



65 

I 




THE CAPITOL. 

This iiij[)()sing stnicturt' is l)uilt of Vii-ginia sjind- 
stoiie, painted white, and of Massachusetts uiarhle. The 
corner-stone of the main huilding was laid hy Washing- 
ton, Sept. 18, 1793. Main building conii)leted 1811. 
The corner-stone of extensions was laid by President 
Fillmore July 4, 1851. Daniel Webster delivered the 
oration. The dome is one of the finest in the world. It 
is built of iron, is 287 feet high and was finished in 1805. 

And this noble pile, with its colunms and d(~)me, 
Is the Ca[)ital where yearly our law-makers come. 



^.^^. 



NATHAN hale; ^J/ ^ x/ 

THE "MARTYR SPY" OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION. 




4W 




WHEN STANDING IN THE CART OF EXECUTION AND 
TAUNTED BY AN ENGLISH OFFICER. HE UTTERED THESE 
MEMORABLE WORDS: "l ONLY REGRET THAT I HAVE 
BUT ONE LIFE TO LOSE FOR MY COUNTfiY." 



